Within the PP, the complement NP "the girl" is modified by adjunction of the relative clause "who left us": Similarly as above, you have an NP in which the N' consists of the N head "brother" and a PP complement "of the girl who left us": I'll keep my explanation a bit briefer here. the PP "of the church of England" later branches into another PP "of England". The determiner "the" is located in specifier position to the NP. The whole phrase is an NP, of which the head is the noun "founder" and the PP "of the church of England" is a complement with a P head "of". The PP "of England" itself looks similar as the other PPs, with the difference that the NP "England" doesn't have a DP specifier: Within this N', "church" is the head and "of England" is a PP complement to the N head "church":Īgain, you could also argue about making the PP "of England" an adjunction, but here too I find a complement more plausible. The NP "the church of England" again branches into the determiner and the N' "church of England": As said above, the head of the PP must be a P of which the complement is an NP, thus: So within N', we have an N head "founder" and a PP complement "of the church of England": You can now argue about whether the PP "of the church of England" is an adjunct rather than a complement, but in this case I find the latter approach more plausible. So a first rudimentary picture of your tree looks like this: Either you make it an NP with an N head and the DP as a specifier, or you make it a DP with a D head and the NP as a complement.Īssuming that you want to have the whole as an NP, I'll continue with the first approach. Having an NP branching into a D and an N violates the X-bar scheme because a phrase must have an identifiable head and can not branch into two lexical items (D and N) one of them must be an X' or an XP. I will not go into a discussion of the motivations of each approach (and neither into a discussion about whether you should leave redundant bar levels away), but you need to decide what your phrase and its head is supposed to be. The complement of this D head is an NP which consists of the single N head "church". a phrase with a D head to which the noun phrase is a complement: The DP consisting of the D "the" is a specifier because it is the sister of N' and daughter of NP.Ģ) Make the whole thing a DP, i.e. a phrase with an N head to which the determiner is a specifier: Now I don't know what theory you are using, because there are basically two opposing approaches:ġ) Make the whole thing an NP, i.e. This principle is not always follwed in your trees. Thus, when there is an NP, there must be an N as the head, and for a PP, there is a P head. In general, an XP must always have an X as its head. The whole thing taken together is an NP (it starts with a definite article and can serve as the subject of a sentence, so it is something nominal, not prepositional), so the root of the tree should be labelled NP rather than PP. I saw the dog’s ears tune into The Boy like he was remembering something and then he took off in a full run towards The Boy.Although what is "correct" always depends on theory, there are various things that are definitely not quite right with your trees. Meanwhile, the obviously pregnant cat who had accompanied our dog home, stood between us and the dog, looking from us to the dog and back again. Finally, she turned and looked at the dog and then looked at the boy as if to ask him what he was waiting for. seriously So we slowed down and started walking, the boy stretched out his hand and started calling the dog in a softer tone. We both took off running towards the backyard yelling “Squeekerz!” The dog turned, looked at us, and started to run in the opposite direction. What’s that? Is that Squeekerz?”īy this time, I was shaking from excitement, so the boy had to open the door for me. I called the boy to the window and said “What’s that?”, he replied “Oh, it’s a black cat.” I squinted and said, “No, past the cat. A few feet behind the black something I saw a little tan something dart across the yard. Late Saturday afternoon, The Boy and I were sitting downstairs talking when I happened to look out the window and see a big fluffy black something in the backyard. Well, he returned late Saturday afternoon after a week long adventure and he didn’t come back alone… If you’ve been following me on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter then you know that our dog, Squeekerz, ran away last Friday morning, leaving the family heartbroken.
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